Taal Volcano had a minor phreatomagmatic eruption at its main crater, as confirmed by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS).
The event, which occurred at 7:38 p.m., was documented by the Lower Calauit Observation Station.
PHIVOLCS said that the eruption produced a 600-meter plume and was accompanied by a three-minute volcanic earthquake.
Despite the activity, PHIVOLCS maintained Alert Level 1 over Taal Volcano, citing its "abnormal condition."
Since January 4, the agency has observed an increase in the real-time seismic energy measurement (RSAM) from Taal Volcano. It also noted the absence of a degassing plume from the main crater during this period.
PHIVOLCS explained that this combination of increased RSAM and lack of degassing might signal a blockage or plugging of volcanic gas pathways, potentially leading to short-term pressurization and triggering phreatic or minor phreatomagmatic eruptions.
The volcano has been emitting sustained levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2) over the past four years, with the most recent measurement on December 30, 2024, averaging 2,753 tonnes per day.
Since the start of the year, PHIVOLCS has recorded 12 volcanic earthquakes, including six tremor events. It reminded the public that Alert Level 1 does not mean the volcano will not erupt.
At this level, sudden steam-driven or phreatic eruptions, minor phreatomagmatic eruptions, volcanic earthquakes, ashfall, and lethal accumulations or expulsions of volcanic gas remain possible.
The agency also warned that high concentrations of sulfur dioxide continue to pose long-term health risks to communities frequently exposed to volcanic gas around Taal Caldera. It reiterated that entry into Taal Volcano Island, including the permanent danger zone, is strictly prohibited, and the vicinity of the volcano is designated a no-fly zone to ensure safety.
